GNU Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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1.       
   Commutation , n. [L. commutatio: cf. F. commutation.]
   A passing from one state to another; change; alteration; mutation. [R.]
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   So great is the commutation that the soul then hated only that which now only it loves.
   South.
   
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   The act of giving one thing for another; barter; exchange. [Obs.]
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   The use of money is . . . that of saving the commutation of more bulky commodities.
   Arbuthnot.
   
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   (Law) The change of a penalty or punishment by the pardoning power of the State; as, the commutation of a sentence of death to banishment or imprisonment.
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   Suits are allowable in the spiritual courts for money agreed to be given as a commutation for penance.
   Blackstone.
   
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   A substitution, as of a less thing for a greater, esp. a substitution of one form of payment for another, or one payment for many, or a specific sum of money for conditional payments or allowances; as, commutation of tithes; commutation of fares; commutation of copyright; commutation of rations.
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   regular travel from a place of residence to a place where one's daily work is performed; commuting.  Most often, such travel is performed between a suburb and a nearby city.
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   Angle of commutation (Astron.), the difference of the geocentric longitudes of the sun and a planet. -- Commutation of tithes, the substitution of a regular payment, chargeable to the land, for the annual tithes in kind. -- Commutation ticket, a ticket, as for transportation, which is the evidence of a contract for service at a reduced rate. See 2d Commute, 2.
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