GNU Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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  1.       
    
    jovial , a. [F., fr. L. Jovialis pertaining to Jove. The planet Jupiter was thought to make those born under it joyful or jovial. See Jove.]
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    1. [capitalized] Of or pertaining to the god, or the planet, Jupiter. [Obs.]
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      Our jovial star reigned at his birth.
      Shak.

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      The fixed stars astrologically differenced by the planets, and esteemed Martial or Jovial according to the colors whereby they answer these planets.
      Sir T. Browne.

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    2. Sunny; serene. [Obs.] “The heavens always joviall.”
      Spenser.

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    3. Gay; merry; joyous; jolly; mirth-inspiring; hilarious; characterized by mirth or jollity; as, a jovial youth; a jovial company; a jovial poem.
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      Be bright and jovial among your guests.
      Shak.

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      His odes are some of them panegyrical, others moral; the rest are jovial or bacchanalian.
      Dryden.

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      ☞ This word is a relic of the belief in planetary influence. Other examples are saturnine, mercurial, martial, lunatic, etc.

      Syn. -- Merry; joyous; gay; festive; mirthful; gleeful; jolly; hilarious.

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